Sydney Red Gum

Angophora costata · Myrtaceae
25m
Mature height
0
Councils: no permit needed
0
Councils: exempt under a height limit
20
Councils: permit required
Sydney Red Gum (Angophora costata) growing in Sydney
Sydney Red Gum ยท typical mature form

Do you need a permit?

Sydney Red Gum is a protected tree in effectively every council Pro Climbing Tree Services covers. Expect to need a tree permit, or a development application where the property is heritage listed or in a heritage conservation area.

How to identify it

A sculptural tree with a smooth salmon pink to orange trunk that sheds each summer to reveal fresh bright bark, and heavy twisting limbs. Unlike true eucalypts the leaves are arranged in opposite pairs. Cream flowers in dense clusters through late spring and early summer.

Where it grows in Sydney

The signature tree of Sydney’s sandstone country. Very common through the Northern Beaches, Ku-ring-gai, Hornsby, Lane Cove, Hunters Hill and Willoughby, often on rock shelves and in dedicated bushland reserves.

Common problems

  • Large horizontal limbs prone to summer branch drop
  • Shallow rooting over sandstone makes it sensitive to soil disturbance and level changes
  • Frequently listed on significant tree registers, which removes exemptions
  • Heavy annual bark shed

What removal involves

Councils defend this species strongly, and removal applications generally need a clear structural or health justification supported by an arborist assessment. Where it is retained, work is more likely to be approved as deadwood removal and selective reduction. Sensitive to root zone works, so landscaping and excavation near the trunk often needs a tree protection plan.

Council permit rules, council by council

Status below is for a tree on private land that has passed the council’s size threshold. Heritage items, heritage conservation areas, significant tree registers, biodiversity mapping and conditions of development consent override every exemption shown here.

Council
Status
What it means
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Confirm with Council
Council holds its species exemptions in a document rather than on its website, so confirm this species with Council before treating removal as exempt. Size thresholds apply in the meantime. Official rules
Permit required
Council does not run a species exemption list. A permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold, and each tree is assessed on its own merits. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules
Confirm with Council
Council holds its species exemptions in a document rather than on its website, so confirm this species with Council before treating removal as exempt. Size thresholds apply in the meantime. Official rules
Permit required
Not on Council's exempt species list, so a tree permit is required once the tree passes the size threshold. Official rules

Frequently asked questions

Why is Sydney Red Gum so hard to get approval to remove?

It is a keystone species of the Sydney sandstone landscape, is habitat for hollow dependent fauna, and is frequently listed on significant tree registers. Councils apply a high bar and usually want an arborist report addressing health, structure and risk.

It keeps dropping big limbs. Is that normal?

Summer branch drop is a known habit of the species, but repeated failures can also indicate decay, poor unions or root zone damage. Get it inspected rather than assuming it is normal.

Commonly confused with

Both smooth barked sandstone natives. Angophora has opposite leaves and salmon bark, Scribbly Gum has moth scribbles

Related species

Important note on council rules

This encyclopedia is a practical guide for Sydney property owners, not legal advice. Council tree rules change, and exemptions are frequently overridden by heritage listings, heritage conservation areas, significant tree registers, biodiversity mapping, endangered ecological communities and conditions attached to development consent. Always confirm the current rules with your council for your specific address before any tree work begins, or ask us to check it for you.
Photo by Mayumi Kataoka via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Quick facts

Botanical name
Angophora costata
Also known as
Smooth-barked Apple, Rusty Gum
Family
Myrtaceae
Origin
Native to the Sydney sandstone country
Mature height
15m to 25m
Canopy spread
15m to 25m
Growth rate
Moderate
Foliage
Evergreen, opposite, lance shaped
Typical lifespan
200 years plus
Root habit
Shallow and spreading over sandstone

Need council approval? We handle the application.

Most councils will not accept a removal application without species identification, photographs and a stated reason. We prepare and lodge the lot, then carry out the work once it is approved. One call, one invoice, no forms to work out yourself.

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